Documentation, Scientific Investigation, and Conservation of Five Ancient Egyptian Mummified Crocodiles

This project focuses on the study and conservation of five ancient Egyptian mummified crocodiles. Animal mummies are important cultural and religious artefacts that provide valuable insights into ancient Egyptian beliefs, ritual practices, and interactions with the natural world. Despite their significance, many such objects remain understudied and face ongoing deterioration due to age, environmental factors, and previous storage conditions.

The project aims to document, analyze, and conserve the selected crocodile mummies through a multidisciplinary approach that integrates conservation science, digital heritage technologies, and advanced conservation methods. The first phase will involve detailed condition assessment, high-resolution photography, and three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric documentation to create accurate digital records of each mummy. These records will support future research, collection management, and public engagement.

Scientific examination will be undertaken using non-destructive and minimally invasive analytical techniques to identify the materials used in the mummification process and to assess the condition of the artefacts. The resulting data will contribute to a better understanding of ancient Egyptian embalming practices and the factors affecting the preservation of animal mummies.

Based on the findings, appropriate conservation treatments will be designed and implemented to stabilize fragile components and improve the long-term preservation of the collection. Particular attention will be given to ensuring that all interventions follow internationally accepted conservation principles, including minimal intervention and thorough documentation.

The project will also generate a series of digital outputs, including 3D models and visual documentation, making the collection more accessible to researchers, students, and the wider public. By combining scientific research, conservation practice, and digital documentation, the project will enhance knowledge of ancient Egyptian animal mummification while safeguarding an important museum collection for future generations.

Support from the Egypt Exploration Society Centenary Award will enable the preservation and study of this unique collection and contribute to the development of innovative approaches for the conservation of archaeological organic materials in Egyptian museums.