The Egypt Exploration Society CongressThe Egypt Exploration Society Congress (formerly the British Egyptology Congress) provides a platform for international researchers to present their ongoing projects and discoveries to a broad audience of peers and the interested public through presentations or posters. Presentations can be given by scholars at all levels of their career including independent researchers with no current affiliation. Presenters do not need to be British or be based in Britain to present. The Congress is held by the Egypt Exploration Society every two years in collaboration with a British host institution. Applications to host EESC will be advertised on the EES website in the intervening years immediately following a Congress. In 2020, the Fifth British Egyptology Congress was hosted by Durham University (hence the choice of banner image). Due to the disruption caused by COVID-19, the Congress was held online between September and December 2020. Thanks to the success of this format, future Congress are expected to be held online or a hybrid. About Organising Committee Sponsors Proceedings Proceedings Each Congress will result in selected proceedings being published in a biannual volume produced by the Organising Committee in partnership with the Egypt Exploration Society. Submissions for the Proceedings of the Fifth British Egyptology Congress will be invited following the Congress in December 2020. Proceedings of the Fourth British Egyptology Congress The Fourth British Egyptology Congress (BEC4) was held in September 2018 at the University of Manchester, allowing scholars from around the world to present their latest and ongoing research to their peers. Eighty-two papers were presented, including four keynote speeches, covering the full spectrum of Egyptology, archaeology, museology, and the history of travel along the Nile. The 13 papers included in this volume are representative of the wide variety of research discussed during BEC 4, reflecting the current studies of their authors. It is hoped that providing a publication platform through these Proceedings will stimulate further dialogue and investigation. Paperback£25.00 Buy online Contents Foreword, Carl Graves and Rosalie David The collectors and collection in the McManus Art Galleries and Museum, Dundee: Rev. Colin Campbell, the Egypt Exploration Fund, Sir James Caird and Thomas Wise, Averil Anderson Competition, conflict and control: Suggestions of motice in the use of petroglyphs recorded from the Kom Ombo Basin, Gordon Dicks The elephant's shroud, Anne Drewsen Pomegranates of ancient Egypt: Representation, uses and religious significance, Dina Ezz el-Din and Sahar Elkasrawy Why was a minor dislocation included amongst the more serious cases listed in the Edwin Smith papyrus?, Roger J. Forshaw SR.12191: An example from the collection of hieratic ostraca from Mond's excavation at Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, Faten Kamal Egyptomania - some erotica and vandalism, Pauline Norris The geomorphological evidence for the Early Dynastic origins of the Great Sphinx of Giza: A response to Drs Lehner and Hawass, Colin D. Reader Art as writing, writing as art: Selected case studies from New Kingdom Theban Tombs, Marina Sartori Gardens and agricultural elements in soul houses, Marisol Solchaga Changing faces: The revising of three images of Seth, Ian Taylor Upper Retenu and Lower Retenu, Alexandre Vassiliev The text and traditional context of the 'Hay cookbook' and associated magical texts on leather, Michael Zellmann-Rohrer