Delta Survey

A British Academy Research Project

Information on the archaeological sites of the Delta is presented here in the form web-pages containing an alphabetical listing of sites. Where a substantial amount of information is available, or photographs of the site exist, links are provided to supplementary pages. The site-names in most cases are those of the Survey of Egypt maps. The material is offered as a source of reference and a tool for the planning of new projects.  The letters 'T' and 'K' in the lists stand for 'Tell' and 'Kom' respectively, Arabic words for 'mound', describing the usual appearance of archaeological sites in the region.

We would recommend viewing this area of the website on a desktop computer. 

You may also be interested to visit the separate Western Delta Regional Survey on Durham University's website here: http://community.dur.ac.uk/penelope.wilson/Delta/Survey.html 

Delta Reports

Delta Reports is a journal dedicated to the publication of archaeology, geography, history and heritage relevant to the Nile Delta. The first volume Delta Reports 1 Research in Lower Egypt was published in 2009 and edited by Donald Redford. The series has been restarted with a full editorial board and will be published by Archaeopress. Each edition will be published when a sufficient number of papers have been prepared, so there is a rolling deadline.

The publication aims to make fieldwork reports from the North of Egypt (including Alexandria, Wadi Tumilat, Wadi Natrun and North Sinai) available soon after the fieldwork has been completed. Each volume would contain about 10-15 reports from fieldwork, in order to make the material immediately accessible to other archaeologists and interested parties. There is no limit on time-period and historical and heritage material will also be accepted. The volumes will be edited by the editorial board and another academic reviewer. Reports would be published in English or Arabic and all reports would have an English/Arabic abstract.

If you are interested in sending us a paper, please do contact the email address below.

Download the submission guidelines

All correspondence and submissions should be made to: [email protected] 

The variant names of the site is due to the confusion of Arabic lam and dal, but its name on the 1912 Survey of Egypt map is Landahur. The site lies in the north coast area 9km inland from the coast, in a line with the site of Kom Niqeiza and possibly Qalabshu. The site is 1700m from north-west to south-east and 625m from north-east to south-west and covers 16.5hectares. It is a maximum of 15.56m above the fields. Originally there was one long mound but it was cut in 1973 for the construction of military installations in the centre. It now has three mounds and a western smaller area. On the top of the mound there are regular linear features, especially in the central area and on both sides of the mound there are differential plant growths showing building patterns. There are areas of dense pottery, glass and shell concentrations. The shells come from mud taken from the lagoons. To the north where the fields have cut into the area there are clear archaeological strata for a depth of about 2m below the ground level of the kom. Five grid squares were surveyed with the magnetometer, four on the top of the mound and one on the shell concentration on the eastern mound. The west mound shows a line of high magnetic intensity along the very crest of the mound almost along our grid line and may suggest modern surveying materials if they are not ancient. The surface showed some fired brick along this ridge.

Eight drill cores were carried out around the tell in order to detect any ancient channels that might be in the area and to establish the age of the settlement. The cores suggest that the settlement was not preceded by an earlier occupation at the site and that there was a large lagoon to the south where there may have been a channel in the areas of cores 7 and 8. At the site itself and to the north the layers very quickly turned to aeolian sand, showing no active channels in the area or earlier settlement.

The pottery from the west and east mounds was all Roman-Late Roman in date, with contemporary glass and coins. The pottery consisted of finewares of all kinds (Egyptian red slipware to Late Roman D wares) as well as food preparation vessels and amphora with some Late Roman 1 and 7 types, as well as North African amphorae. The material from the stratified layers to the north was also Roman in date with AE3 and LR1 amphora as well as coarsewares and cooking vessels noted.

 

North and East areas

 

North section and pottery